(vi) the more exact assessment of the visibility that may be possible when radar is used to determine the range of vessels or other objects in the vicinity.

Rule 7

Risk of Collision

(a) Every vessel shall use all available means appropriate to the prevailing circumstances and conditions to determine if risk of collision exists. If there is any doubt such risk shall be deemed to exist.

(b) Proper use shall be made of radar equipment if fitted and operational, including long-range scanning to obtain early warning of risk of collision and radar plotting or equivalent systematic observation of detected objects.

(c) Assumptions shall not be made on the basis of scanty information, especially scanty radar information.

(d) In determining if risk of collision exists the following considerations shall be among those taken into account-

(i) such risk shall be deemed to exist if the compass bearing of an approaching vessel does not appreciably change;

(ii) such risk may sometimes exist even when an appreciable bearing change is evident, particularly when approaching a very large vessel or a tow or when approaching a vessel at close range.

Rule 8

Action to avoid Collision

(a) Any action taken to avoid collision shall, if the circumstances of the case admit, be positive, made in ample time and with due regard to the observance of good seamanship.

(b) Any alteration of course and/or speed to avoid collision shall, if the circumstances of the case admit, be large enough to be readily apparent to another vessel observing visually or by radar; a succession of small alterations of course and/or speed should be avoided.

(c) If there is sufficient sea room, alteration of course alone may be the most effective action to avoid a close-quarters situation provided that it is made in good time, is substantial and does not result in another closequarters situation.

(d) Action taken to avoid collision with another vessel shall be such as to result in passing at a safe distance. The effectiveness of the action shall be carefully checked until the other vessel is finally past and clear.

(vl) более точную оценку видимости, которая может быть получена при радиолокационном измерении расстояния до судов или других объектов, находящихся поблизости.

Правило 7

Опасность столкновения

(*) Каждое судно должно использовать все имеющиеся средства в соответствии с преобладающими обстоятельствами и условиями для определения наличия опасности столкновения. Если имеются сомнения в отношении наличия опасности столкновения, то следует считать, что она существует.

(b) Установленное на судне исправное радиолокационное оборудование должно использоваться надлежащим образом, включая наблюдение на шкалах дальнего обзора с целью получения заблаговременного предупреждения об опасности столкновения, а также радиолокационную прокладку или равноценное систематическое наблюдение за обнаруженными объектами.

(c) Предположения не должны делаться на основании неполной информации, и особенно радиолокационной.