^>28Hartshome и May. Studies in Deceit, p. 377.

^>1Stephen Ceci, из опыта личного общения, March 11,1986.

^>2Michael Lewis, Catherine Stanger и Margaret Sullivan. Deception in Three Year Olds, неопубликованная рукопись, без даты. Авторы работали в Институте исследования развития ребенка (Institute for the Study of Child Development), University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey.

^>3 Исследование Lying and Misrepresentation of Reality in Four-Year-Olds (наброски работы) было проведено Magda Stouthamer-Loeber, Linette Postell и RolfLoeber.

^>4 Большинство приведенных примеров детской лжи представлено в: Jean Piaget. The Moral Judgment of the Child (Glencoe, 111.: The Free Press, 1965; первое издание в 1932).

^>5Heinz Wimmer, Silvia Gruber и Josef Pemer. Young Children's Conception of Lying: Lexical Realism-Moral Subjectivism, Journal of Experimental Child Psychology 37 (1984): 1-30.

^>6 C. Stem и IV. Stem. Monographien uber die seelische Entwicklung des Kindes. s. Brand: Erinnerung. Aussage und Luge in der mten Kindheit (Leipzig: Barth, 1931; первая публикация 1909), 4-е издание. (По цитате Wimmer, Gruber и Pemer. Young Children's Conception of Lying, p. 28.)

^>7Eugenie Andruss Leonard. A Parents' Study of Children's Lies, The Pedagogical Seminary 27, Ne 2 (June 1920), p. 130.

^>8 C. C. Peterson, J. L. Peterson и D. Seeto. Developmental Changes in Ideas About Lying, Child Development 54 (1983): 1529-35.

^>9 Эта цитата из исследования, посвященного детской лжи, проведенного Marie Е. Vasek. Lying: The Development of Children's Understanding of Deception, Master's thesis, Clark University, Worcester, Mass., 1984.

^>10 Там же.

^>11 Там же.

^>12Walt Harrington. Revenge of the Dupes, The Washington Post Magazine, 27 December 1987, p. 17-21.

^>13Magda Stouthamer-Loeber. Lying as a Problem Behavior in Children: A Review, Clinical Psychology Review 6 (1986): 267-89.

^>14 Об этих возможностях упоминала Magda Stouthamer-Loeber, там же.

^>15 Я обнаружил эту цитату у Thomas Lickona. Raising Good Children (New York: Bantam, 1983), p. 117.

^>16 См. обзор В. DePaulo и A. Jordan. Age Changes in Deceiving and Detecting Deceit, в Robert S. Feldman, Development of Nonverbal Behavior in Children (New York: Springer Veriag, 1982), p. 151-80.192 Notes.

^>17P. Ekman. Telling Lies (New York: W. W. Norton, 1985); P. Ekman и M. O'Sullivan. Hazards in Detecting Deceit, в D. Raskin, ed., Psychological Methods for Investigation and Evidence (New York: Springer, in press); P. Ekman. Why Lies Fail and What Behaviors Betray a Lie, в J. C. Yuille, ed., Credibility Assessment-A Unified Theoretical and Research Perspective (Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer Academic Publishers, в прессе); P. Ekman, W. V. Friesen и M. O'Sullivan. Smiles when Lying, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 54 (1988): 414-20; P. Ekman и W. V. Friesen. Felt, False and Miserable Smiles, Journal of Nonverbal Behavior 6 (1982): 238-52; P. Ekman и W. V. Friesen. Detecting Deception from Body or Face, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 29 (1974): 288-98; P.